Orthodontics | Types , Used | Diagnosis , treatment

Orthodontics 


What are Orthodontics in Dentistry? 

An orthodontist specializes in making the teeth in their right positions. Treatment can be cosmetic, to improve a person's appearance, but it often aims to improve oral function too.
If the teeth and jaw do not develop properly, malocclusion can result. The teeth may not line up, however, it may impact the shape of the face and the appearance of the teeth, resulting in embarrassment, a lack of self-confidence, and even depression. 

What's the Difference between an Orthodontist and a Dentist? 

Both orthodontists and dentists focus on oral care. The situation is similar to a doctor who obtains additional schooling to become a surgeon. 

Orthodontists are specialized in helping patients with the alignment of their teeth, improving their bite, or fitting them for corrective braces and devices, while dentists are in the broad medical specialty that deals with the teeth, gum, nerves, jaw, tooth decay, root canals, gum disease, crowns and bridges. 

Orthodontists can help people of any age achieve a healthy and beautiful smile. One more thing to remember is that all orthodontists are dentists, but not all dentists are licensed orthodontists. 

What is Used in Orthodontics? 

Braces are the “appliances” orthodontists most commonly use to guide your teeth into their proper positions. Braces consist of bands, wires and/or brackets. Bands are fixed around the teeth or tooth and used as anchors for the appliance, while brackets are most often bonded to the front of the tooth. Arch wires are passed through the brackets and attached to the bands.
Braces are usually adjusted monthly to bring about the desired results. 

Orthodontic (usually with braces) is most often used to improve the appearance and alignment of crooked, protruding or crowded teeth, and to correct problems with the bite of the teeth and crowding teeth, correction of your bite so the front and back teeth meet evenly, correction of their teeth that do not meet correctly when they bite and the treatment of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). 

How do I Know if I Need Orthodontics? 

Only your dentist or orthodontist can determine whether you can benefit from orthodontics. Severe malocclusion may affect eating, speech, and keeping the teeth clean. 

If you have any of the following, you may be a candidate for orthodontic treatment:
  1. Overbite: where the upper front teeth lie too far forward (stick out) over the lower teeth. 
  2. Underbite: where the upper teeth are too far back, or the lower teeth are too far forward. 
  3. Open bite: When there is an opening between the upper and lower teeth, when the back teeth bite together. 
  4. Crossbite: when the upper teeth do not come down slightly in front of the lower teeth when biting together normally. They are too near the cheek or the tongue. 
  5. Crowding: In a narrow jaw, when there are too many teeth for the dental ridge to accommodate. The orthodontist may remove one or more teeth to make room for the others. 
  6. Misplaced midline: when the center of your upper front teeth does not line up with the center of your lower front teeth. 
  7. Spacing: spaces, between the teeth as a result of missing teeth or teeth that do not "fill up" the mouth. This is the opposite of crowding. 
  8. Impacted teeth: This can happen when adult tooth does not emerge from the gum or bone, or only emerges partially. 
  9. Deep bite / overbite: When the teeth are clenched, the upper ones come down too far over the lower ones. 
  10. Reverse bite: When the teeth are clenched, the upper teeth bite inside the lower ones. 

What Causes Braces Pain? 

Braces pain can make you uncomfortable. The exact cause of braces pain is may be attributed to internal or external factors. 
Internal: when the braces apply pressure to the teeth. 
External: The physical rubbing of the brackets and wires can cause braces pain in the soft tissue inside the mouth. 

How to Soothe Braces Pain? 

1. Try over-the-counter pain relieving products. 
2. Ask your dentist for recommendations if your braces pain persists. 
3. Toothpaste, mouth rinse, and dental floss designed for sensitive teeth can help relieve tooth pain. 
4. Eat Soft: stick to soft foods, pasta, and soft-cooked vegetables or so. 
5. Brush Soft: A soft-bristled toothbrush can help ease braces pain. 
6. Use mouth guard. When you are doing some sports, being hit or falling during sports can cause brackets to break or wires to come loose, which causes braces pain. 

Diagnosis 

The orthodontist will assess the state of the person’s teeth and predict how they are likely to develop without treatment. 
The assessment will involve: 
* Taking a full medical and dental health history. 
* Carrying out a clinical examination. 
* Taking x-rays of the teeth and jaw. 
* Making plaster models of the teeth. 
* After that the orthodontist will decide on a treatment plan. 

How Can Orthodontic Treatment Help? 

Treatment can improve the appearance of the teeth, and better chewing and speech function and closing wide gaps between the teeth, aligning the tips of the teeth, straightening crooked teeth, boosting the long-term health of gums and teeth and help protect teeth from damage or decay, in some cases. 

Orthodontic treatment is usually only started after most of a child's adult teeth have started to come through. Orthodontic treatment for adults can begin at any age, but the treatment options are more limited. Treatment will not begin unless you have a good standard of oral hygiene, as orthodontic treatment can increase the risk of tooth decay and gum problems. 

Types of Orthodontic Treatment 

Orthodontics involves the use of braces to correct the position of the teeth. The length of treatment will depend on how complicated the problem is, but it's usually between 1 to 3 years. 

Taking Care of Your Teeth 

Good oral hygiene is the key to keeping your teeth and gums healthy after your braces come off. In order to keep your teeth plaque-free and avoid the “white spots” that can develop around your braces, you need to understand how to keep your teeth and orthodontic devices clean.
The individual will need to brush much more carefully and more often to prevent tooth decay during treatment. 

Your orthodontist may recommend using toothpaste with a high level of fluoride, or a mouthwash that contains fluoride, to reduce your risk of tooth decay. Some foods and drinks need to be avoided, such as carbonated drinks, hard candy, gum, and other sticky foods. 

How Should I Brush With Braces? 

How your teeth look when your braces come off depends on how you take care of them while they’re on. 
Don’t forget to brush the insides of teeth, the tops of teeth, and the back of your mouth behind your back molars 
Clean brackets by angling the brush head against them. Make sure the brush also cleans under the wires. 
Remember to replace your toothbrush or brush head every 3 months so it continues to clean efficiently. 
Although it can be difficult, for healthy teeth and gums, flossing with braces is still very important. 
Rinse twice a day, after brushing, to help prevent cavities, strengthen enamel, and freshen breath. 
Use a fluoride toothpaste without the burn of alcohol.

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